CakePHP 2

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This is the documentation for pieceofcake2/cakephp, a community-maintained fork of CakePHP 2.x for PHP 8. About this fork.

Getting Started ​

This page is the starting point of the book for readers who already run a CakePHP 2 application, and for developers who know modern PHP and have to work on one. It summarizes what is different on this fork and where to read more. If you are new to CakePHP 2, the Blog Tutorial walks you through a small application step by step.

About This Fork ​

This book documents pieceofcake2/cakephp, a community-maintained fork of CakePHP 2.x. The fork is based on CakePHP 2.10.24 and runs on PHP 8.0 to 8.5. It is maintenance-focused: it keeps CakePHP 2 compatible with current PHP versions and fixes bugs and security issues. It does not aim to add features; additions are limited to what helps maintenance and migration, such as backports from CakePHP 5.

The CakePHP project ended support for CakePHP 2.x in June 2021.

This cookbook describes CakePHP 2 as it works on the fork: installation with Composer, PHP 8, and the modern directory layout used by pieceofcake2/app. Changes from the Original Book lists how it differs from the original CakePHP 2.x documentation. The Piece of Cake 2 website links to the fork's other projects and resources.

What's Different from CakePHP 2.10 ​

If you know CakePHP 2.10, most of your knowledge still applies: the models, controllers, views, components, behaviors and helpers work as before. These are the points that changed:

  • Composer only. Install pieceofcake2/cakephp with Composer; archive, PEAR and include_path installations are gone. The package replaces cakephp/cakephp, so plugins that require cakephp/cakephp 2.x keep installing. The framework lives in vendor/pieceofcake2/cakephp/src/Cake/ (formerly lib/Cake/), and its classes are loaded by Composer's classmap instead of App::uses(). See Installation and Loading classes.
  • PHP 8. The fork runs on PHP 8.0 to 8.5. A few APIs that do not work on current PHP versions were removed, for example the String class (use CakeText) and the Xcache and Wincache cache engines. See Migrating from CakePHP 2.10.
  • Modern directory layout. Applications can use the layout of CakePHP 5 (bin/cake, config/, src/, templates/, tests/, plugins/), and the legacy app/ layout keeps working. This book uses the modern layout. See CakePHP Folder Structure.
  • PHPUnit 9.6. Tests run on PHPUnit 9.6 instead of 3.7. See Testing and Migrating Tests to PHPUnit 9.6.
  • Coding standard. The fork and the samples in this book follow the CakePHP 5 codesniffer rules (4 spaces, short array syntax). See Coding Standards.
  • Static analysis. The pieceofcake2/phpstan-cakephp2 extension lets PHPStan understand models, components and behaviors. See Static Analysis.
  • Security fixes. Known vulnerabilities of CakePHP 2.10.24 are fixed, for example CSRF tokens are now HMAC-signed. See Security Fixes.
  • Backports from CakePHP 5. IntegrationTestTrait and EmailTrait (CakePHP 2.12.4) test controllers through the real dispatcher with the CakePHP 5 method names, see Integration Testing. The application skeleton loads .env files (pieceofcake2/app 2.4.0), see Environment Variables.
  • Bake and plugins. Bake and the upgrade shell moved out of the core into plugins, and the major CakePHP 2 plugins are maintained for PHP 8. See Code Generation with Bake and Maintained Plugins.

Where to Start ​

Existing Application ​

Most readers of this book maintain an application that already runs on CakePHP 2:

  1. Read Migrating from CakePHP 2.10 for the prerequisites and the breaking changes. The fork is based on CakePHP 2.10.24, so upgrade an older 2.x application to 2.10.24 first.
  2. Replace cakephp/cakephp with pieceofcake2/cakephp and update the dispatcher files, as described in Adding CakePHP to an Existing Application.
  3. Optionally, move the application to the modern layout one directory at a time, as described in Migrating to the Modern Layout. This step also prepares the application for a later move to CakePHP 5.

New Application ​

To start an application on the fork, create it from the application skeleton:

bash
composer create-project pieceofcake2/app my_app

See Creating a New Application for the configuration that follows.

NOTE

For a new project, consider CakePHP 5 first. The fork is meant for applications that need to stay on CakePHP 2.

Coming from Modern PHP ​

CakePHP 2 was designed for PHP 5.2 and 5.3. If you know CakePHP 5, Laravel or Symfony, expect these differences:

  • No namespaces. Framework and application classes are global classes, and the class name and the file location follow conventions, for example PostsController in src/Controller/PostsController.php. On the fork, Composer's classmap loads them; App::uses() is only needed for classes Composer does not know, such as most plugin classes.
  • Arrays instead of objects. find() takes an array of options and returns nested arrays keyed by model alias, such as $post['Post']['title'], not entities or collections. See Retrieving Your Data. Form data, validation rules and component settings are arrays as well.
  • Models are table gateways. One Model class per table handles finding, saving, validation and associations. Reusable model logic goes into behaviors, controller logic into components and view logic into helpers. See CakePHP Structure.
  • Convention-based wiring, not dependency injection. There is no service container. Controllers declare what they use in properties such as $uses, $components and $helpers, and access them as $this->Post, $this->Auth or $this->Html.
  • Global configuration. Settings live in a static registry, Configure, and are read with Configure::read('App.encoding'). Caches and logs are configured with static calls in the same style, Cache::config() and CakeLog::config().
  • No PSR-7 or middleware. Requests and responses are CakeRequest and CakeResponse objects, and code that runs around the dispatcher is written as dispatcher filters.
  • Few native types. Most core methods have no parameter or return type declarations. Docblocks and static analysis fill the gap.

A Typical CakePHP Request shows how these pieces work together.

In This Section ​

Based on the CakePHP Cookbook. Content licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0. Not affiliated with the Cake Software Foundation.

Original content © Cake Software Foundation, Inc. Modifications © 2025-present Piece of Cake 2.